Definition & Betydelse | Engelska ordet AMERICIUM

Definition av AMERICIUM

1. americium

Exempel på hur man kan använda AMERICIUM i en mening

• Berkelium was the fifth transuranium element discovered after neptunium, plutonium, curium and americium.
• During this time they discovered two new elements (95, americium and 96, curium), although publication was withheld until after the war.
• Thus, a neutron source can be fabricated by mixing an alpha-emitter such as radium, polonium, or americium with a low-atomic-weight isotope, usually by blending powders of the two materials.
• Spinthariscopes can still be bought today as instructional novelties, but they now use americium or thorium.
• Ion-exchange processes are used to separate and purify metals, including separating uranium from plutonium and the other actinides, including thorium, neptunium, and americium.
• Wu's PhD dissertation dealt with theoretical predictions of the chemical properties of the yet undiscovered transuranic elements of the actinide series, which includes such well known elements as plutonium and americium.
• The heavier actinides, primarily americium and curium, and the fission products remain in the aqueous phase.
• The minor actinides include neptunium (element 93), americium (element 95), curium (element 96), berkelium (element 97), californium (element 98), einsteinium (element 99), and fermium (element 100).
• Major actinides is a term used in the nuclear power industry that refers to the isotopes of plutonium (239 Pu) uranium (235 U, 238 U) and thorium (232 Th) present in nuclear fuel, as opposed to the minor actinides neptunium, americium, curium, berkelium, and californium, including other isotopes of uranium and plutonium and other actinides.
• The slurry of americium oxalate and oxalic acid is next agitated before the americium oxalate is filtered out, washed with water, and partially dried in air.
• reported advances in the diffusive gradients in thin films technique, which have provided a method to measure labile bioavailable americium in soils, as well as in freshwater and seawater.
• Przybylski's Star possibly also contains many different short-lived actinide elements, with actinium, protactinium, neptunium, plutonium, americium, curium, berkelium, californium, and einsteinium being theoretically detected.
• Pyroprocessing of nuclear fuel rods, as an alternative to nuclear reprocessing, only attempts to combine separated plutonium with other, such as neptunium, americium, or curium.
• Seaborg, Nobel Prize laureate, chemist prominent in the discovery and isolation of ten transuranic elements including plutonium, americium, curium, berkelium, californium, einsteinium, fermium, mendelevium, nobelium and seaborgium, which was named in his honor.
• The separation between plutonium and the americium contained proceeds through reaction with dioxygen difluoride.
• In addition a range of studies on the complexation properties of α-isosaccharinic acid in alkaline solutions with various metals of different valence, including nickel (II), europium (III), americium (III) and thorium (IV), have been conducted.
• Elements 95 and 96, originally called "pandemonium" and "delirium", were eventually named americium and curium by analogy with the chemically related elements europium and gadolinium.
• The four elements associated with non-scientists were not named in their honor but named for something else bearing their name: samarium for the mineral samarskite from which it was isolated; and americium, berkelium and livermorium after places named for them.
• While the later actinides from americium onwards are predominantly trivalent and behave more similarly to the corresponding lanthanides, as one would expect from periodic trends, the early actinides up to plutonium (thus including thorium and uranium) have relativistically destabilised and hence delocalised 5f and 6d electrons that participate in chemistry in a similar way to the early transition metals of group 3 through 8: thus, all their valence electrons can participate in chemical reactions, although this is not common for neptunium and plutonium.
• Mefod'eva discovered heptavalent states of plutonium and neptunium in 1967 (Gelman and Krot later received the State Prize of the USSR for their discovery of the heptavalency of plutonium, neptunium and americium).

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