Information om | Engelska ordet EIGENSTATES

Exempel på hur man kan använda EIGENSTATES i en mening

• The eigenstates of the perturbed Hamiltonian are labeled by the total angular momentum j of the electron, not just the orbital angular momentum l.
• In particle physics, the chargino is a hypothetical particle which refers to the mass eigenstates of a charged superpartner, i.
• Superselection rules are postulated rules forbidding the preparation of quantum states that exhibit coherence between eigenstates of certain observables.
• The SUSY partner of this Hamiltonian would be "fermionic", and its eigenstates would be the theory's fermions.
• We can switch between these states using the CKM matrix for the quarks, or the PMNS matrix for the neutrinos (the charged leptons on the other hand are eigenstates of both mass and flavor).
• To describe these cases we may note that the non-diagonal elements in an erstwhile diagonalised Hamiltonian not only modify the energy eigenvalues but also superpose the old eigenstates into the new ones.
• Characteristics of the electronic eigenstates are then investigated by studies of participation numbers obtained by exact diagonalization, multifractal properties, level statistics and many others.
• In quantum chemistry, the multireference configuration interaction (MRCI) method consists of a configuration interaction expansion of the eigenstates of the electronic molecular Hamiltonian in a set of Slater determinants which correspond to excitations of the ground state electronic configuration but also of some excited states.
• However, the charge conjugation operator has not one, but two distinct eigenstates, one of which is the ELKO spinor; it does not solve the Majorana equation, but rather, a sign-flipped version of it.
• Neutrino oscillation is parameterized by the PMNS matrix and the mass squared differences between the neutrino mass eigenstates.
• We can use 'field operators' as above, or creation and annihilation operators associated with other single-particle states, perhaps eigenstates of the (noninteracting) kinetic energy.
• The two main strategies consist of (1) switching of the magnetic field from pseudo-high field to zero (or ultra-low) field, or (2) of ramping down the magnetic field experienced by the spins to zero field in order to convert the Zeeman populations into zero-field eigenstates adiabatically and subsequently in applying a constant magnetic field pulse to induce a coherence between the zero-field eigenstates.
• As an example, superselection rules for electric charges disallow the preparation of a coherent superposition of different charge eigenstates.
• From a general model-independent point of view, neutrinos oscillate because the effective hamiltonian describing their propagation is not diagonal in flavor space and has a non-degenerate spectrum, in other words, the eigenstates of the hamiltonian are linear superpositions of the flavor eigenstates of the weak interaction and there are at least two different eigenvalues.
• We now depart from the standard situation and present a general method of construction of coherent states, starting from a few observations on the structure of these objects as superpositions of eigenstates of some self-adjoint operator, as was the harmonic oscillator Hamiltonian for the standard CS.
• These exciton eigenstates provide valuable insight to SBEs and SLEs, especially, when one analyses the linear semiconductor absorption spectrum or photoluminescence at steady-state conditions.
• The principal philosophy underlying the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis is that instead of explaining the ergodicity of a thermodynamic system through the mechanism of dynamical chaos, as is done in classical mechanics, one should instead examine the properties of matrix elements of observable quantities in individual energy eigenstates of the system.
• When considering eigenstate order in MBL systems, one generally speaks of highly excited eigenstates at energy densities that would correspond to high or infinite temperatures if the system were able to thermalize.
• For non-zero eigenenergies, the corresponding wavefunctions would be delocalized all along the chain while the zero energy eigenstates would portray localized amplitudes at the edge sites.
• If the semiconductor is doped, the Fermi level of the bulk is shifted with respect to that of the undoped semiconductor by the introduction of dopant eigenstates within the band gap.

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