Definition & Betydelse | Engelska ordet ELECTRONEGATIVITY

Definition av ELECTRONEGATIVITY

1. elektronegativitet

Exempel på hur man kan använda ELECTRONEGATIVITY i en mening

• It is an extremely reactive element and a strong oxidising agent: among the elements, it has the highest electron affinity and the third-highest electronegativity on the revised Pauling scale, behind only oxygen and fluorine.
• An atom's electronegativity is affected by both its atomic number and the distance at which its valence electrons reside from the charged nucleus.
• Chemically, nonmetals have relatively high electronegativity or usually attract electrons in a chemical bond with another element, and their oxides tend to be acidic.
• A few authors have advocated more unusual placements for hydrogen, such as group 13 or group 14, on the grounds of trends in ionisation energy, electron affinity, and electronegativity.
• Linus Pauling publishes The Nature of the Chemical Bond, a compilation of a decade's work on chemical bonding, explaining hybridization theory, covalent bonding and ionic bonding as explained through electronegativity, and resonance as a means to explain, among other things, the structure of benzene.
• Using electronegativity - two compound average electronegativity on x-axis and electronegativity difference on y-axis, we can rate the dominant bond between the compounds.
• The high electronegativity of fluorine makes the polymerization more difficult when compared to other vinyl halides.
• Because of the multiple carbon–fluorine bonds, and the high electronegativity of fluorine, the carbon in tetrafluoromethane has a significant positive partial charge which strengthens and shortens the four carbon–fluorine bonds by providing additional ionic character.
• The electron capture detector is used for detecting electron-absorbing components (high electronegativity) such as halogenated compounds in the output stream of a gas chromatograph.
• There are no general methods to oxidize methylene groups to thioketones, reflecting sulfur's comparable electronegativity to carbon.
• The vast majority of important organic molecules contain heteroatoms, which polarize carbon skeletons by virtue of their electronegativity.
• Bent's original paper considers the group electronegativity of the methyl group to be less than that of the hydrogen atom because methyl substitution reduces the acid dissociation constants of formic acid and of acetic acid.
• The trifluoromethyl group has a significant electronegativity that is often described as being intermediate between the electronegativities of fluorine and chlorine.
• AtzA was shown to displace fluoride as well as chlorine but not azido, cyano, methoxy, which are of similar size and electronegativity, or thiomethyl or amino groups.
• Their lipophobicity results from the relative lack of London dispersion forces compared to hydrocarbons, a consequence of fluorine's large electronegativity and small bond length, which reduce the polarizability of the surfactants' fluorinated molecular surface.
• In scandium trihydride, the formal oxidation states of hydrogen and scandium are -1 and +3 respectively, because of the electronegativity of scandium is lower than that of hydrogen.
• Whereas oxygen and nitrogen typically act as nucleophiles due to their high electronegativity, oxaziridines allow for electrophilic transfer of both heteroatoms.
• The relative reducing and oxidizing natures of these photocatalysts can be understood by considering the ligands' electronegativity and the catalyst complex's metal center.
• Chemically, the nonmetals mostly have higher ionisation energies, higher electron affinities (nitrogen and the noble gases have negative electron affinities) and higher electronegativity values than metals noting that, in general, the higher an element's ionisation energy, electron affinity, and electronegativity, the more nonmetallic that element is.
• The main structural factors contributing to the electrostatic potential of the sigma hole are the electronegativity of the host atom, the polarizability of the host atom, and the electron donating or withdrawing character of the group bonded to the host atom, with less electronegative and more polarizable host atoms bound to more electron withdrawing groups associated with the highest electrostatic potential.

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