Information om | Engelska ordet FRAMESHIFTING

Exempel på hur man kan använda FRAMESHIFTING i en mening

• Other significant components of Varmus's scientific work over the past four and a half decades include descriptions of the mechanisms by which retroviral DNA is synthesized and integrated into chromosomes; discovery of the Proto-oncogene Wnt-1 with Roel Nusse; elucidation of aspects of the replication cycle of hepatitis B virus (with Donald Ganem); discovery of ribosomal frameshifting to make retroviral proteins (with Tyler Jacks); isolation of a cellular receptor for avian retroviruses (with John Young and Paul Bates); characterization of mutations of the epidermal growth factor receptor gene in human lung cancers, including a common mutation that confers drug resistance (with William Pao); and generation of numerous mouse models of human cancer.
• However, the possibility of ribosomal frameshifting has been ruled out since the small ORF site does not contain the characteristic hallmarks, such the 7 nucleotide long “slippery sequence” or downstream pseudoknot that is seen in other members of Birnaviridae.
• The frameshifting efficiency is dependent on the concentration of polyamines in the cell, when the polyamine concentration is high frameshifting is more likely to occur which leads to an increase in the quantity of functional antizyme produced.
• In molecular biology, the coronavirus frameshifting stimulation element is a conserved stem-loop of RNA found in coronaviruses that can promote ribosomal frameshifting.
• In the case where a frameshift results in nonsense, the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) pathway may destroy the mRNA transcript, so frameshifting would serve as a method of regulating the expression level of the associated gene.
• This pseudoknot stimulates programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting (PRF-1) which in turn stimulates the express of transposase, an enzyme required for transposition.
• Thus, frameshifting exitron events were more likely to evade nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) than intron retentions.

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