Anagram & Information om | Engelska ordet INDELS

Exempel på hur man kan använda INDELS i en mening

• If two sequences in an alignment share a common ancestor, mismatches can be interpreted as point mutations and gaps as indels (that is, insertion or deletion mutations) introduced in one or both lineages in the time since they diverged from one another.
• Comparative genomic studies have identified several conserved signature indels (CSIs) that are specific for all species belonging to the phylum Aquificota and provide potential molecular markers.
• Molecular signatures in the form of conserved signature indels (CSIs) and proteins (CSPs) have been found that are uniquely shared by all members belonging to the Deinococcota phylum.
• A frameshift mutation (also called a framing error or a reading frame shift) is a genetic mutation caused by indels (insertions or deletions) of a number of nucleotides in a DNA sequence that is not divisible by three.
• Variation throughout the gene can be introduced randomly by either error-prone PCR, DNA shuffling to recombine parts of similar genes together, or transposon-based methods to introduce indels.
• Furthermore, comparing two genomes not only reveals conserved domains or synteny but also aids in detecting copy number variations, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), indels, and other genomic structural variations.
• Genetic sequence alignment - In bioinformatics, gaps are used to account for genetic mutations occurring from insertions or deletions in the sequence, sometimes referred to as indels.
• Members of the order Legionellales can be molecularly distinguished from other Gammaproteobacteria by the presence of four conserved signature indels (CSIs) in the proteins tRNA-guanine(34) transglycosylase, lipoprotein-releasing system transmembrane protein lolE and tRNA (guanosine(37)-N1)-methyltransferase TrmD.
• A subsequent study examining higher taxonomic relationships within the order Halobacteriales resulted in the division of the order into three families, Halobacteriaceae, Haloarculaceae and Halococcaceae, each of which can be distinguished from each other and all other species through the presence of multiple highly specific molecular signatures, known as conserved signature indels.
• Analyses of genome sequences from Caryophanaceae species identified 13 conserved signature indels (CSIs) that are uniquely present in this family in the proteins phenylalanine–tRNA ligase subunit alpha, chaperonin GroEL, ribosome maturation factor RimP, BrxA/BrxB family bacilliredoxin, RNA methyltransferase, Rhomboid family intramembrane serine protease, ATP-dependent Clp protease ATP-binding subunit, DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta, chorismate synthase, stage IV sporulation protein A, peptidase, KinB-signaling pathway activation protein, and DUF423 domain-containing protein.
• GMAP: longer reads, with multiple indels and splices (see entry above under Genomics analysis); GSNAP: shorter reads, with one indel or up to two splices per read.
• Members of Caenorhabditis exclusively share 39 conserved signature indels that are found in the conserved regions of various proteins, such as the Rab44 protein and a poly ADP-ribose glycohydrolase protein (PARG-1), and are specifically located on surface-exposed loops.
• Lastly and most importantly, comparative genomic studies have identified two conserved signature indels (a 5-7 amino acid insert in the RpoC protein and a 13-16 amino acid insertion in serine hydroxymethyltransferase) and one signature protein (PG00081) that are uniquely shared by Fibrobacter succinogenes and all of the species from Bacteroidetes and Chlorobi phyla.
• The understanding about structural variations (insertions/deletions (indels), copy number variations (CNV), retroelements), single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and natural selection were being solidified.
• Genomic analyses identified 12 conserved signature indels (CSIs) that are specific for this clade in the proteins inositol monophosphatase, lysyl-tRNA synthetase, elongation factor P-(R)-beta-lysine ligase, tol-Pal system beta propeller repeat protein TolB, FKBP-type peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase, response regulator transcription factor, 30S ribosomal protein S2, glycine cleavage system aminomethyltransferase GcvT, M3 family metallopeptidase, lysm peptidoglycan-binding domain-containing protein and oligopeptide transporter.
• Members of Deinococcus can be distinguished from all other bacteria through molecular signatures known as conserved signature indels (CSIs) and proteins (CSPs).
• Additionally, five conserved signature indels (CSIs) present in the proteins excinuclease ABC subunit UvrA, flavodoxin-dependent (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl-diphosphate synthase, phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase, valine-tRNA ligase and cysteine–tRNA ligase were identified to be exclusively shared by all Adlercreutzia species with the exception of P.
• 12 conserved signature indels (CSIs) were also identified for this clade in the proteins inositol monophosphatase, lysyl-tRNA synthetase, elongation factor P-(R)-beta-lysine ligase, tol-Pal system beta propeller repeat protein TolB, FKBP-type peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase, response regulator transcription factor, 30S ribosomal protein S2, glycine cleavage system aminomethyltransferase GcvT, M3 family metallopeptidase, lysm peptidoglycan-binding domain-containing protein and oligopeptide transporter.
• Analyses of genome sequences of Sporosarcina species identified eight conserved signature indels (CSIs) that are uniquely present in this genus in the proteins aspartate–tRNA ligase, A/G-specific adenine glycosylase, thymidylate synthase, RDD family protein, DEAD/DEAH box helicase, membrane protein insertase YidC, cytochrome b6, and a hypothetical protein.
• PharmGKB has PGx content on genetic variants (including single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and haplotypes, as well as some copy number variations (CNVs) and indels), genes, drugs, phenotypes (including diseases and side effects) and PubMed IDs (PMIDs).

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